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 Vol. 10 No. 3, March 2009
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NeoReviews Vol.10 No.3 2009 e100
© 2009 American Academy of Pediatrics

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Infants Who Experience Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Elizabeth E. Rogers, MD*
Robert E. Piecuch, MD*

* Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif

IUGR has been believed to lead to worse neurodevelopmental outcomes than if an infant had appropriate fetal growth. This is true at all gestational ages, although the literature supports a stronger association for late preterm and term infants than for preterm infants born at fewer than 32 weeks’ gestation. Recent evidence points to growth restriction as a risk factor for emotional and behavioral disorders as well. The specific cause of the growth restriction is an important factor in assessing risk for poor outcomes. Treatments to reduce the risk of adverse outcome include more advanced antenatal assessment to determine time of delivery, optimizing pre- and postnatal nutrition and growth, and the possible use of growth hormone as well as early intervention services.

Abbreviations: AGA: appropriate for gestational age • CI: confidence interval • CP: cerebral palsy • GH: growth hormone • IQ: intelligence quotient • IUGR: intrauterine growth restriction • MRI: magnetic resonance imaging • SGA: small for gestational age • VLBW: very low birthweight


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