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 Vol. 8 No. 4, April 2007
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NeoReviews Vol.8 No.4 2007 e152
© 2007 American Academy of Pediatrics

Marine Oil Supplements for Pregnant Women

Good for Mum, Good for Baby?

Maria Makrides, PhD*,{dagger},{ddagger}
Robert A. Gibson, PhD*,{ddagger},§

* Child Research Institute, Child, Youth and Women's Health Service, North Adelaide, Australia
{dagger} Child Health Research Institute at Flinders, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
{ddagger} School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Australia
§ School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Australia

Prenatal supplements containing n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are becoming popular with pregnant women, primarily because of the suggestion that an increased supply of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a key n-3 LCPUFA, may be important to fetal brain development. Current research data suggest that routine use of marine oil supplements in pregnancy probably has little benefit in preventing pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, and low birthweight, although its use is safe during pregnancy. There is a suggestion that dietary DHA insufficiency may be associated with symptoms of postnatal depression; randomized, controlled studies are needed to investigate this possibility. The effect of a DHA-rich marine oil intervention in pregnancy on long-term development of children is under investigation. The possibility that maternal marine oil supplementation may modify neonatal immune function requires further investigation.

Abbreviations: AA: arachidonic acid • CI: confidence interval • DHA: docosahexaenoic acid • EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid • LCPUFA: long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid • RR: relative risk • WMD: weighted mean difference


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Copyright © 2007 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.