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NeoReviews Vol.8 No.8 2007 e313
© 2007 American Academy of Pediatrics
* Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif
Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is emerging as an important complementary clinical tool to ultrasonography for evaluation of fetal anomalies. Fetal MRI has been in clinical use since 1983; but, early magnetic resonance (MR) sequences were of several minutes duration, resulting in significant fetal motion artifact. The recent development of ultrafast MRI sequences allows subsecond image acquisition, minimizing the artifact related to fetal motion. Accurate diagnosis of a fetal anomaly by MRI has the potential to improve parental counseling regarding prognosis and treatment options, assist clinicians with fetal and postnatal management decisions, and plan delivery at an appropriate center for treating the diagnosed anomaly. This review discusses MRI safety and techniques; clinical indications for fetal MRI; and the MR appearance of normal anatomy and anomalies involving the fetal neck, chest, and abdomen.
Abbreviations: BPS: bronchopulmonary sequestration CCAM: congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation CDH: congenital diaphragmatic hernia CLE: congenital lobar emphysema (same as CLO) CLO: congenital lobar overinflation (same as CLE) ECMO: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation EXIT: ex utero intrapartum treatment MR: magnetic resonance MRI: magnetic resonance imaging SCT: sacrococcygeal teratoma
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