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 Vol. 9 No. 11, November 2008
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NeoReviews Vol.9 No.11 2008 e526
© 2008 American Academy of Pediatrics

Treatment and Prevention of Neonatal Anemia

John A. Widness, MD*

* Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Ia

Because red blood cell (RBC) transfusion therapy remains the primary treatment of anemia encountered in early life, the basis for RBC transfusion in the treatment of symptomatic anemia is discussed in this review along with several important aspects of neonatal blood banking practices. Nontransfusion approaches to the prevention and treatment of neonatal anemia also are described. Finally, this review covers the controversy surrounding whether neonatal RBC transfusion therapy should be restrictive or liberal. The evaluation and treatment of uncommon and rare acquired and genetic causes of anemia in newborn infants are beyond the scope of this review.

Abbreviations: AOP: anemia of prematurity • CMV: cytomegalovirus • EPO: erythropoietin • GVHD: graft versus host disease • Hb: hemoglobin • HIV: human immunodeficiency virus • NICU: neonatal intensive care unit • RBC: red blood cell • r-HuEPO: recombinant human erythropoietin • VLBW: very low-birthweight • WBC: white blood cell






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Copyright © 2008 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.