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American Academy of Pediatrics
Article

CD4 T Cells

A Kaleidoscope of Subsets Regulating Immunity in Infancy and Beyond

Emily G. Blosser and David A. Randolph
NeoReviews September 2013, 14 (9) e456-e462; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.14-9-e456
Emily G. Blosser
*Program in Immunology, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
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David A. Randolph
†Division of Neonatology, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children at Presbyterian/St. Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO.
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Abstract

The immune system has evolved to fend off challenges from a wide array of pathogens while maintaining tolerance to self-antigens and benign environmental antigens. CD4 helper T cells are critical in regulating these processes with different subsets of CD4 T cells responsible for regulating different facets of the immune system. T helper 1 (Th1) cells, which contribute to antiviral immunity, and T helper 2 (Th2) cells, which contribute to antihelminth immunity and allergy, were the first CD4 T cell subsets to be discovered. Recently a number of new subsets have been discovered. Here we review what is known about CD4 T cell subsets with particular focus on neonatal immunity.

  • Abbreviations:
    CMV;
    cytomegalovirus
    HSV;
    herpes simplex virus
    IFN;
    interferon
    Ig;
    immunoglobulin
    IL;
    interleukin
    iTreg;
    induced regulatory T cell
    MHC;
    major histocompatibility complex
    NK;
    natural killer
    PTK7;
    protein tyrosine kinase 7
    RTE;
    recent thymic emigrant
    STAT;
    signal transducer and activator of transcription
    TCR;
    T cell receptor
    Th;
    T helper
    Treg;
    regulatory T cell
    • Copyright © 2013 by the American Academy of Pediatrics

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    NeoReviews
    Vol. 14, Issue 9
    1 Sep 2013
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    CD4 T Cells
    Emily G. Blosser, David A. Randolph
    NeoReviews Sep 2013, 14 (9) e456-e462; DOI: 10.1542/neo.14-9-e456

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    CD4 T Cells
    Emily G. Blosser, David A. Randolph
    NeoReviews Sep 2013, 14 (9) e456-e462; DOI: 10.1542/neo.14-9-e456
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    • Table of Contents

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    • Article
      • Abstract
      • Educational Gaps
      • Objectives
      • Introduction
      • CD4 T Cell Life Cycle Overview
      • CD4 T Helper Subset Differentiation: General Principles
      • Memory Versus Naïve
      • Neonatal Naïve T Cells Versus Adult Naïve T Cells
      • Th1 and Th2 Cells
      • Regulatory T Cells
      • Th17 Cells
      • Other Emerging T Cell Subsets
      • Future Directions
      • Conclusions
      • Footnotes
      • References
    • Figures & Data
    • Info & Metrics
    • Comments

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