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American Academy of Pediatrics
Article

Craniosynostosis: Neonatal Perspectives

Geoanna Bautista
NeoReviews April 2021, 22 (4) e250-e257; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.22-4-e250
Geoanna Bautista
*Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Mattel Children’s Hospital and the David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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  • Abbreviations:
    AD:
    autosomal dominant
    CT:
    computed tomography
    DP:
    deformational plagiocephaly
    FGF:
    fibroblast growth factor
    FGFR:
    fibroblast growth factor receptor
    ICP:
    intracranial pressure
  • Abstract

    Craniosynostosis is the premature fusion of 1 or more sutures that normally separate the bony plates of an infant’s skull and occurs in about 1 in 2,000 to 2,500 live births. Primary or congenital craniosynostoses represent the majority of cases and consist of single-suture and multisuture synostoses. Multisuture synostoses are typically associated with distinct craniofacial syndromes, including Muenke syndrome, Apert syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, and Pfeiffer syndrome, and are thus categorized under syndromic craniosynostoses. Secondary causes of craniosynostoses include metabolic or hematologic disorders that affect bone metabolism and typically present much later than primary synostoses. The severity of the deformity and the presence of increased intracranial pressure dictate the need for early surgical intervention, prompting the importance of early recognition and timely referral. Infants with craniosynostosis are also at increased risk for neurodevelopmental impairment and thus require close follow-up and monitoring. The early recognition and referral of craniosynostosis is imperative for the optimization of management and minimization of potential neurologic impairments that may develop.

    • Copyright © 2021 by the American Academy of Pediatrics

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    NeoReviews
    Vol. 22, Issue 4
    1 Apr 2021
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    Craniosynostosis: Neonatal Perspectives
    Geoanna Bautista
    NeoReviews Apr 2021, 22 (4) e250-e257; DOI: 10.1542/neo.22-4-e250

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    Craniosynostosis: Neonatal Perspectives
    Geoanna Bautista
    NeoReviews Apr 2021, 22 (4) e250-e257; DOI: 10.1542/neo.22-4-e250
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    • Article
      • Abstract
      • Education Gaps
      • Objectives
      • Introduction and Epidemiology
      • Pathogenesis
      • Types of Craniosynostosis
      • Diagnosis
      • Management
      • Prognosis
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